Summer by the sea: sharks, dolphins, penguins, and other aquatic celebrities | Conservation blog

Source: Department of Conservation

Summer in Aotearoa! It’s that magical time when we flock to the coast, lather up in sunscreen (don’t skimp), and dive into the sparkling ocean. But as we splash about, we’re sharing the water with some pretty cool marine mates. From sharks and dolphins to penguins, seals, sea lions, sea snakes/kraits, shorebirds, and even the occasional whale, summer brings a diverse lineup of oceanic and coastal celebrities.

Let’s dive into what you might encounter—and how to keep your ocean escapades safe and exciting.

Sharks: the summer headliners

Always a good idea to be the observer, not the observed.
Great White Shark | Clinton Duffy

“Are sharks more common in summer?”

Short answer: Yes.

Longer answer: Sharks love summer as much as we do. Coastal species like to pup (that’s shark lingo for having babies) and hunt for the buffet of inshore fish. Increased numbers of fishers and swimmers out on the water combined with calm seas and clearer waters over summer make them easier to spot, which is why shark sightings appear to spike during this time. However, sharks are around our coastlines all year.

But don’t freak out—New Zealand’s waters are home to 113 species of sharks and rays, and most of them couldn’t care less about us. Sharks are like the introverts of the sea: happy doing their own thing unless provoked.

What to do if you see a shark:

• If it’s 1.8m or longer, treat it as “potentially dangerous” (especially if you can’t identify it).
• Stay calm and exit the water like a ninja, not a cannonball.
• Let others know and tell the lifeguards.
• Call 0800 DOCHOT or email sharks@doc.govt.nz if you accidentally catch a great white shark while fishing or if you have any sighting information.
• Remember, sharks are crucial for a healthy marine ecosystem. They’re not villains—they’re the lifeguards of the sea, keeping everything in balance.

Little blue penguins: the cool kids

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When you’re not sure if it’s beach day or nap time, so you commit to both.
Kororā (little penguin) at Te Paki | DOC

New Zealand’s adorable little blue penguins (kororā) are like the celebrities of our beaches—short, stylish, and always turning heads. These tiny tuxedo-wearers come ashore at night to nest and can sometimes be spotted swimming near the coast during the day.

If you’re lucky enough to spot one, admire it from a distance. These guys are busy living their best lives, and human interference can stress them out. Fun fact: they’re also the world’s smallest penguin species, which means they’ve mastered being cute and efficient.

Sea snakes: rare but fascinating visitors

Just a quick pit stop before slithering off to more exciting adventures.
Yellow-bellied sea snake | Luis Correa, Creative Commons

Sea snakes and kraits are rare visitors to New Zealand’s shores, but they occasionally make an appearance, usually swept here by warm ocean currents. The most common species spotted is the yellow-bellied sea snake, which is highly venomous but poses little risk if left alone.

What to do if you see a sea snake:

• Keep a safe distance—don’t touch or attempt to move it.
• Note its location and condition, and call 0800 DOC HOT (362 468).
• Sea snakes are a fascinating reminder of the diverse marine life that occasionally drifts into New Zealand waters, so treat them with curiosity and respect!

Dolphins: the ocean’s acrobats

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When your mate says, ‘Watch this!’ and actually nails it.
Dolphin at Poor Knights Islands | Mike Aviss

No summer beach trip is complete without a dolphin sighting. These marine superstars love putting on a show, leaping out of the water and racing boats like they’re in the Olympics.

If you’re boating, slow down and give them space to play, feed, and rest. Dolphins are naturally curious, so they might come to say hi. Swimming with dolphins is allowed in some areas, but there are restrictions—for example, no swimming with bottlenose dolphins in some parts of the Bay of Islands or with orca, pilot whales, and other large whales anywhere in New Zealand. Always check local guidelines before getting in the water.

If you discover a dolphin in trouble—stranded, deceased, or entangled—call 0800 DOC HOT (362 468).

Sea turtles: the migrant visitors

Cruising into summer like a pro—slow, steady, and totally unbothered.
Sea Turtle | Nathan Pettigrew

There are five species of sea turtles and none nest in New Zealand, but they are common visitors over spring/summer, mostly around the upper North Island. Green turtles live here all year round. If you find one on the beach, it’s likely not a casual sunbather—it might be sick or injured.

What to do:

• Don’t refloat it!
• Call 0800 DOC HOT (362 468) for advice.
• Let the experts take it from there—they’re pros at getting turtles back to tip-top shape.

Seals and sea lions: the beach bouncers

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Serving ‘majestic loaf’ vibes and totally owning it.
Sea Lion and Seal | J. L. Kendrick

Seals and sea lions are the ultimate beach regulars, lounging around like they own the place (because they kind of do). While they may look like giant, blubbery teddy bears, it’s best to admire them from a distance—at least 20 metres is the golden rule.

Seal pups are especially curious and adorable, but resist the temptation to approach. Pups are usually weaned within their first year and have a tendency to pop up all around the country as they try to find their way in the world. If you spot one alone, don’t assume it’s in trouble—give it space and let nature take its course.

If you see a seal or sea lion which is severely injured, entangled, in a location where it might be in danger, or being harassed call 0800 DOC HOT (362 468) for advice.

Whales: the ocean giants

A reminder of how fragile our ocean friends are.
Whale rescue in Ruakākā | Lucy Britton

Seeing a whale is a breathtaking experience, but sometimes these gentle giants need a helping hand. If a whale strands on a beach, it’s usually due to illness, injury, or navigational errors. If you’re lucky enough to see a whale when boating or fishing it’s best to give them space and enjoy the experience from a safe distance.

What to do if you encounter a stranded whale:

• Keep your distance and avoid touching it.
• Call 0800 DOC HOT (362 468) immediately.
• Follow any instructions from DOC or Project Jonah—they’ll coordinate the best response.
• While it’s heartbreaking to see a stranded whale, these events provide valuable opportunities to learn about marine life and sometimes to assist in their survival. Just remember, the experts are there to help both the whales and the public.
• Remember to be respectful of deceased wildlife, especially whales, as they can be taonga to mana whenua.

Shorebirds: the coastal caretakers

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Tiny but mighty! This shorebird means business—guarding its patch of beach like a pro. Watch your step!
Tūturiwhatu (New Zealand dotterel) | Don Merton

While you’re enjoying the beach this summer, keep an eye out for some feathered locals—the shorebirds. These coastal characters are busy raising chicks, foraging for food, and generally minding their own business along the sand and dunes.

Species like the tūturiwhatu (New Zealand dotterel) and tarāpuka (black-billed gull) are iconic beachgoers, but they’re also under pressure. Disturbances from humans, dogs, and vehicles can put their nests at risk.

How to help:

• Give shorebirds plenty of space, especially if you spot signs or roped-off nesting areas.
• Keep dogs on a leash and away from sensitive habitats.
• Avoid driving on beaches where shorebirds nest.
• These small steps can make a big difference for these beach-loving birds—and ensure they’ll be around for summers to come!

Sharing the ocean

Summer is the perfect time to explore our beautiful coastline, but it’s also when marine wildlife needs us to be mindful guests. Whether it’s steering clear of a great white shark or giving penguins their space, every small action helps protect the ocean and its inhabitants.

So grab your sunnies, pack your snacks, and hit the beach this summer. And if you’re lucky, you might just spot a dorsal fin in the distance (don’t panic) or a dolphin putting on a show. The ocean is alive with wonders—just remember to share it responsibly.

Happy summer adventures!

7 top tips for hanging out with wildlife this summer | Conservation blog

Source: Department of Conservation

The summer season is upon us once again, and with that brings the festive spirit, family time, relaxation and many adventures. Many kiwis, nation and bird alike will be taking pause, time to themselves and looking to recuperate before the new year.

Whether you are an advanced tramper, or a complete amateur when it comes to our national walks, lakes, forests and wildlife, the same rules apply, we urge you to consider and respect the wildlife that call the environment surrounding you, home.

Always remember DOC HOT. Our emergency hotline that operates 24/7.

Call 0800 DOC HOT (0800 362 468) immediately if you see anyone catching, harming or killing native wildlife.


Here are 7 important top tips we have compiled for hanging out with the wildlife this summer:

1) Take time before you go to research, plan and understand the different wildlife that inhabit where you are planning to go

One of the most important tips to take with you, is having a clear plan of action ready and available to you when you are on your tramp/hike/bike or swim. New Zealand is precious – everyone who lives and travels here has a responsibility to look after it.

Make sure you are utilising all information available to you on our website, detailed tips and tricks for your desired destination.

  • Take care of Aotearoa, and always be prepared for your trip:
    – Weather
    – Maps
    – Land Safety Code
    – Take a distress beacon
    – Gear lists
  • Alerts:  find out about changes in conservation areas that might affect the safety or enjoyment of your trip
  • Protect nature: keep your distance and don’t feed wildlife (more on this below). Follow any rules restricting dogs, fires, drones and vehicles.
    – How to behave around wildlife
    – Dog access
    – Pets on public conservation land
    – Fires on public conservation land

2) Don’t feed the native wildlife

Weka – Image: Sabine Bernert | ©

Over the days, weeks, months of your travelling/tramping/exploring, protect our precious native species by keeping your distance and not feeding them.

Don’t share your picnic with birds, no matter how convincing they may be, especially our cheeky kea.

Our birds evolved without human food and aren’t used to it – it can make them sick and can even be fatal. Wildlife congregating in areas known for human food can also spread disease. If kākā or kea eat food such as nuts and seeds they may develop metabolic bone disease.

So, don’t feed our wildlife – even if they ask.

3) If you want a picture, don’t get close – use your zoom instead

Getting too close stresses wildlife.

Top tip: enjoy marine mammals – from a distance. Especially seals and sea lions.

Keep at least 20 m, the length of two buses, away from seals and sea lions. If you are too close, they may panic and stampede, hurting themselves in the process. Some may become aggressive, especially if you are blocking their escape route to the sea or near their babies.

They can move as quickly as you can.

Although they look cute, they have a nasty bite. Their resting time on land is important, so try not to disturb them.

If you are in the water, on your boats, jet skis, paddle boarding or even just swimming – and you are lucky enough to see one of our marine mammals (e.g. dolphins or whales), it is important to stay back and give them space.

Before you go check the rules for operating boats or swimming near marine mammals here: Sharing our coasts with marine mammals (doc.govt.nz)

Dolphin watching from a boat. 
Image: Ailie Suzuki, Dolphin Watch & Nature Tours. | ©

4) Leave nesting birds ALONE

If you come across a roped off or signposted area, it may be a nesting ground for one of our critically endangered species, like dotterel or black billed gulls.

You need to avoid these places to protect our species.

Make sure your dogs are kept away as well.

It is important to remember, not all birds nesting spots are marked, so stay alert while walking on dunes or riverbeds and avoid any birds you see.

Driftwood provides good cover for New Zealand dotterel chicks and eggs 
Image: Mithuna Sothieson | DOC

5) Take extra care if you have dogs with you

Having your best friend on your adventure seems like a great idea at first, unless your best friend is furry and four-legged with a nose for investigating! Do yourself a favour, make sure you know where you can take your dog and access rules – different areas have different rules on if you can take your dog there or not. Some areas allow dogs, others require a permit, and some do not allow dogs at all.

Birds get stressed when chased by dogs. One panicked seal can start a chain reaction in a breeding colony, where pups are at risk of being crushed by adult seals rushing to the sea for safety.

A wildlife scan makes a good game plan.

Some of the wildlife on our beaches can be quite camouflaged. Sleeping fur seal/kekeno, or sea lion/pakake can look a lot like a log or bit of driftwood from a distance. Visually scan the area so you are always one step ahead of your dog and you can plan where to walk.

Example of fur seals/kekeno being well camouflaged. There’s a lot of seals in the background, can you spot them?
Image: Shellie Evans

Different coloured leads

You might start noticing more traffic-light-coloured leads around the place because of Lead the Way. These are a bonus for dog safety as they let others know the temperament of your dog.

  • Green is friendly with dogs and people
  • Orange is caution sometimes nervous/reactive with new dogs or people
  • Red is often nervous or reactive with new dogs or people
  • Yellow is disabled so vulnerable to some interactions

It’s always good practice to ask an owner permission first before approaching their dog – no matter what colour lead, bandana or collar a dog might be wearing, if they say no, please respect their dog’s need for space.

Not all dogs like other dogs or people.

If you ignore dog access rules or conditions, you may be issued an infringement fine or prosecuted if you take your dogs into no access areas, controlled areas without a permit, or breach the conditions of your permit.

A dog may be seized and impounded or destroyed if it is found in a national park or controlled dog area without a permit.

Report dogs where they are not allowed to Animal Control or DOC:

  • Animal Control: +64 7 348 4199
  • 0800 DOC HOT (0800 362 468)

Cats are not allowed on national conservation land under any circumstances.

6) Keep New Zealand clean

Take all rubbish with you and use toilets where provided. Be a tidy kiwi, as you would do in your own home, our beautiful nature and wildlife deserve the same respect.

Poo in a loo – and be prepared when there isn’t one

Like all waste, it’s important to properly dispose of used period products when tramping. Take used tampons and pads away with you and know how to properly empty menstrual cups in the backcountry.

Help keep our natural environment free of litter. Litter harms our environment and wildlife. This includes food scraps which feed pests like rats, stoats and mice.

Be prepared to carry your litter away with you.

There are no rubbish bins in the bush. It helps to come prepared with a container or bag for rubbish and to remove excess packaging before you go.

Packing away a banana skin 
Image: DOC

Do not discard plastics, nylon fishing line and other types of rubbish at sea. Like whales, large filter-feeding sharks and rays can accidentally ingest these, and all species suffer from entanglement in marine debris.

7) Finally, be respectful

Respect others, respect culture.

Help everyone enjoy the outdoors by being considerate of others when you’re out in nature. Make space for others, keep noise down and read up on tramping hut etiquette.

Bikes, dogs and drones can really impact on other people, so make sure you are following the rules and being considerate to others.

Cultural heritage sites are places in the landscape that tell the physical, spiritual, and cultural stories of our past. They are places we value and connect to as New Zealanders. When visiting a heritage site please treat it with care and respect, so it can be enjoyed for many generations to come.

For Māori, public conservation land is a taonga (treasure) and of special significance. Many of these places are wāhi tapu (sacred to Māori) and need to be treated with respect. If you are visiting a place that is wāhi tapu, there may be restrictions on access. There may also be tikanga (protocols) in place, such as not eating, running, or making loud noises while at the wāhi tapu site. Respect these tikanga.


Be a good kiwi and help keep our land clean and free from harm.

This time of year, has snuck up on most of us, we know! So, make sure in all the last-minute adventures you are undertaking, you have made time to plan, prepare and are ready to protect. Act responsibly and safely for yourself, as well as those of all species, sizes and forms in the environment surrounding us that need our help to keep Aotearoa their home.